1. BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY
Language shift is referred to language transfer or language replacement , or assimilation, the progressive process whereby a speech community of a language shifts to speaking another language. The rate of assimilation is the percentage of individuals with a given mother tongue who speak another language more often in the community. When a linguistic community ceases to use their original language, language death or language extinction is said to occur (Saufi M, 2012).
The cases of the language shift happen in the dormitory of Trunojoyo University, especially in the female dormitory building C. female dormitory building C is one of specials building than other because the entire student is from Islamic faculty. All of the students in dormitory building C mostly are from maduries and Javanese, but they speak Bahasa Indonesia every day to make success communication. Because of their habit speak Bahasa every day, when they speak with their friend from same region, they still use Bahasa in their conversation, it is why the writer choose the student from dormitory building C as the data to the study focus of language shift.
2. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
This study was conducted by using qualitative descriptive research design. The writer used interview as the methods to collect the data and then analyzed the data based on the answers given by the respondents. The writer used this design because the researchers want to describe the analyses and explain the process of language shift.
The technique used for deciding the sample is random sampling. It is the technique in which samples are taken randomly (Ary:1979). The researchers took 10 students of female Dormitory of Trunojoyo University building C as the samples and interviewed several of them by using adapted research from Nurhalis (2003) and Agustin (2004) who had researched about language shift of Makassarese and Sumbawanese in Mataram
3. FINDING AND DISCUSSION
3.1. Finding
The writer uses table to classify the student that do language shift, the mother language, and language use.
Cases (student) Language shift Mother language Language use
1 √ Madurese Bahasa Indonesia
2 _ Madurese Madurese
3 √ Madurese Bahasa Indonesia
4 _ Madurese Madurese
5 √ Madurese Bahasa Indonesia
6 √ Javanese Bahasa Indonesia
7 √ Javanese Bahasa Indonesia
8 √ Javanese Bahasa Indonesia
9 √ Javanese Bahasa Indonesia
10 √ Javanese Bahasa Indonesia
3.2. Discussion
After the writer interview the students of the dormitory Trunojoyo University building C, the writer found that most of the 10 students that the writer has already interviewed, they do the language shift. For the reason why they do the language shift, the writer classify below.
Data 1, 2, 5
The reason why they do the language shift is the habit. They do that because they want to make the successful communication. “We use Bahasa Indonesia as our daily language because our roommate is from different region, there are from Madura and Java, so we use Bahasa Indonesia to make understand each other.
Data 1, 2, 5 are from Madura actually the writer has 5 data from Madura that are data 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5, but the writer found 2 student from Madura did not use language shift, “We are lazy to use Bahasa Indonesia, because we are from Madura, so we love Madura” the answer both of 2 student that not use language shift.
Data 6, 7, 8,9,10
Data 6, 7, 8,9,10 are from Java, but all of them do language shift. “We use Bahasa Indonesia because our families in house also use Bahasa Indonesia, so it is our habit in our house. Actually we want to study about madurase language to make our roommate understand and make our communication success, but as far we try, Madurese language is so difficult, so we still use our habit that is Bahasa Indoneia”. From their answer we can identify that the factor why they do language shift because the habit.
Habit is one of the factor that make the mother language death. When a linguistic community ceases to use their original language, language death or language extinction is said to occur (Saufi M, 2012). So the writer can conclude that the student of Dormitory of Trunojoyo University building C did the language shift because of their habit.
4. CONCLUSION
This research is about the language shift that did by the student of Dormitory Trunojoyo University building C. the writer has 10 data but only 8 data that did the language shift and 2 data did not, 5 students from Madura and 5 students from Java. They use Bahasa Indonesia as their language shift. The factor that found is a habit.
5. REFERENCES
Aslimalang’Blog, 2012. http://as5lang.wordpress.com/news/2500-bahasa-di-dunia-terancam-punah/
Holmes, Janet. 1992. An Introduction to Sociolinguistics, Second Edition. London: Pearson.
Saufis’Blog, 2012. http://MUHAMMAD SAUFI GINTING Language Shift and Language Maintenance.htm
By. ZAKIYATUL ULFA English Study Program Faculty of Social and Cultural Sciences University of Trunojoyo Madura
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